Bengal cat coats are less wild than they look, genetic study finds
Cats have always fascinated us with their unique appearances and behaviors. One of the most visually striking cat breeds is the Bengal cat, known for its resemblance to the wild Asian leopard cat. But have you ever wondered how these exquisite coats came to be? A recent genetic study conducted by Stanford Medicine has shed light on the origins of Bengal cat coats and revealed some surprising findings.
Genetic surprises
The study aimed to understand how genetic variation leads to variation in appearance, using Bengal cats as a model. These cats were created by crossing the wild Asian leopard cat species Prionailurus bengalensis with domestic cats in the 1960s through the 1980s. Over generations of selective breeding, the desired physical characteristics and temperaments were refined, leading to the recognition of Bengal cats as a distinct breed.
Contrary to popular belief, the genetic analysis revealed that the distinctive look of Bengal cats does not come from the leopard cats. Instead, variations in genes that were already present in domestic cats were responsible for their unique appearance. This finding challenges the prevailing notion among breeders and owners that the wild leopard cats contributed directly to the Bengal cat’s coat patterns.
One interesting feature of Bengal cats is their soft, iridescent fur that glitters like gold in the sunlight, known as “glitter.” The study found that about 60% of Bengal cats have this trait, and it is caused by a mutation in the Fgfr2 gene, which is derived from domestic cats rather than leopard cats. This mutation reduces the activity of the protein encoded by Fgfr2, resulting in the glitter effect. This discovery provides valuable insights into how variations in genes can result in subtle changes in appearance.
Understanding the genetic underpinnings of Bengal cat coats not only enhances our knowledge of feline genetics but also highlights the complexity of genetic variation and its impact on physical traits. Cats are unique in that they offer a valuable opportunity to study the relationship between genetics and appearance, and Bengal cats, with their recent genetic origin and striking looks, provide an accessible platform for such research.
For cat enthusiasts and breeders alike, this study opens up new avenues for understanding the genetics behind feline coat patterns and colors. It reminds us that there is still much to learn about the intricate world of cat genetics and how it influences their physical characteristics.
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